Metering system.



P. M. LINCOLN. METERING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JAN.7. 191% 1,137,873.Patented May 4., 1915.

WITNESS-S.

KNVENIHR A/L/ A ATTURNkY UNITED STATES; PATENT ()FFISE.

PAUL IVL LINCOLN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSEELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A, CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

METERING SYSTEM.

Application filed January 7, 1911.

To all 10h one it m ay concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL M. LINCOLN, a

' citizen of the United States, and a resident usual function, toautomatically disconnect a distributing system or a translating devicefrom a supply circuit when the integrated amount of power continuouslyconsumed in excess of a predetermined eiiective value exceeds apredetermined amount in a given time.

It is customary for power companies to base their charges upon theunusual power consumption or peak demands as well as upon the totalamount of power consumed, in order to fix the expense of the reserveapparatus and its maintenance upon those for whose benefit it isinstalled. Such peak demands are usually obtained by means of so calledmaximum demand wattmeters which are adapted to register the amount ofpower that traverses a circuit in a given interval of time and to recordthe maximum demand for this time interval for each hour of the day;Howevenin order to protect the service and apparatus and to minimize thedisturbing effects of heavy peak'loads, the power companies usuallystipulate a severe penalty in case any one of the recorded maximumdemands exceeds a prescribed ultimate value within a given time. In theprior art, this penalty has been based u r on the greatest maximumdemand gures.

Usually the operation of 'the hereinbefore mentioned maximum demandwattmeter has been controlled arbitrarily by a clock mechanism whichsuccessively sets off given time intervals, instantly resets andperiodically repeats the operation. Thus, if the resetting operationshould occur during a peak load, a continuous record thereof is notobtained, but it is divided into two time periods, neither of. which maybe excessive, although the peak, as a whole, may have greatly exceededthe ultimate value. -It

Specification of Letters I'atent.

Patented May 41:, 1915.

Serial No. 601,327.

will be seen, therefore, that, for this class of work, the maximumdemand meter should depend upon conditions of the electric circuit andnot arbitrarily upon time.

Accordin g to my present invention, I provide means based upon thisprinciple which is adapted to automatically open the main circuitbreakers when the integrated amount of power continuously consumed inexcess of a predetermined efi'ective value exceeds a predeterminedamount in a given time. I accomplish such a result by employing thecustomary integrating and indicating wattmeters and providing arotatable member,

having coiiperating contact members, which is'adapted to be operativelyassociated with the shaft of the integrating wattmeter when, and as longas, the indicating wattmeter indicates in excess of a predeterminedeffective value;

For example, if the prescribed ultimate peak demand is 1200 KWs for afive min-- ute period of time, or its equivalent, suitable means arearranged on the indicating wattmeterto effect the operative associationof the rotatable member with the integrating wattmeter when the pointerof the indicat' ing Wattmeter registers 1200 KlVs. By properly designingthe gear reduction and the disposition of the contact members on therotatable member, a circuit through the trip coil of the main circuitbreaker is established when the power consumption totals 100 KW hours.It is evident that, if the power'demand continues at 1200 KWV, theapparatus will be disconnected from the supply circuit at the expirationof five minutes, while, if the demand is in excess of 1200 KWs, the maincircuit breakers are tripped out in a proportionately less period oftime, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

In order to prevent cutting off all the power supplied to a given user,it may be my invention, 1 utilize the integrating and indicatingwattmeters that are usually provided upon the switchboards of theconsumers, merely by making a few slight modifications and additionswhereby the meters are adapted to perform the desired functions without,in any way, interfering with or affecting their normal operation. Bythus employing the usual standard instruments for a double purpose,economies in space and in cost of apparatus are effected, complicatedsystems of wiring are avoided, and reductions in the expense ofinstallation and maintenance are secured.

The single figure of the accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic view ofa .system embodying my invention.

Referring to the drawing in detail, a supply circuit 12 is adapted todeliver energy through a circuit interrupter 3, an indicating wattmeter4, and an integrating wattmeter 5 to a plurality of translating devices6. The circuit interrupter 3 may be of any wellknown type ofconstruction and is provided with a trip coil 7 which is adapted to beenergized, under.predetermined conditions, by a battery Sor othersuitable s'tm-rce of energy.

The indicating wattmeter 4 and the integrating wattmeter 5 may also beof any well-known type of construction and each embodies a series coil.9, a shunt coil 10 and a main shaft 11.

Inasmuch as the construction, the mode of operation and the circuitconnections of de vices of these types are old and familiar in the art,no detailed description of the same is considered necessary.

The shaft 11 of the indicating meter 4 is provided with a pointer 12,which is adapted to traverse a suitable scale 13 and to indicate theeffective value of the power taken by the translating devices 6. Thepointer 12 carries a movable contact member 1 1 which is adapted tocooperate with an adjustable stationary contact segment 15 underpredetermined power conditions of the circuit.

The shaft 11 of the integrating wattmeter 5 rotates at variable speedsin accord ance with the amount of energy passing through the meter andis provided with a worm 16 and a cooperating worm wheel 17 bymeans ofwhich the rotationalmovement of the meter shaft may be imparted to anauxiliary shaft 18, through the agency of gear wheels 19 and 20, thelatter bein brought into operative engagement with the gear wheels 17and 19 under predetermined power conditions.

The idler gear wheel 20 is suitably suspended from a movable core member21 of an electromagnet 22 which is adapted to be energized whencooperative engagement of the contact members 14- and 15 is effected.

- electroma net The auxiliary shaft 18 is biased to its initial positionby a spiral spring 23 and is provided with a disk member 24 having amovable contact member 25 which is adapted to cooperate with anadjustable stationary contact member 26.

In order to limit the counter clockwise rotative movement of the diskmember 2-1 in its resetting operation, a projection 27 is providedthereon to engage a suitable stop 28 in its initial position.

When the auxiliary shaft 18 is operatively connected to the shaft 11 ofthe integrating wattmeter 5 by means of the idler gear wheel 20, thedisk member 24 is rotated in proportion to the amount of energy passingthrough the integrating wattmeter, as will be readily understood.

.Assuming the translating devices to be operating under normalconditions and the various parts of the apparatus to occupy thepositions shown, the operation of the system is as follows:

It will be noted that, on account of the position of the pointer 12 ofthe indicating wattmeter 4L, cooperative engagement of thecontact'members 14 and 15 is not effected and, hence, theshaft 18 is notoperatively associated with the integrating wattmeter 5.

1f the load upon the translating devices 6 should be increasedsufficiently to cause the engagement of the cooperating contact members1 1 and 15, a circuit would be established from the positive side of thebattery 8 through conductor 30, movable contact memher 14:, stationarycontact segment 15, conductor 31, conductor 32, winding 33 of the 22,and conductor 3 1- to the negative side of the battery. Theelectromagnet 22 wouldaccordingly be energized and the idler gear wheel20 be raised into cooperative engagement with the gear wheels 17 and 19,thereby effecting an op erative connection between the auxiliary shaft18 and the integrating Wattmeter 1 shaft 11.

If the power taken by the translating devices 6 should continue to be inexcess of the value for which the stationary contact segment 15 of theindicating Wattmeter 4 is adjusted, the movable contact member 25 on thedisk 2% would be rotated at variable speeds until it engaged thestationary contact member 26, said engagement being eflected when thetotal integrated amount of power continuously consumed in excess of apredetermined effective value exceeds a predetermined amount within agiven time. A circuit would thus be-established from the positive sideof thebattery 8, through conductor 30, conductor 35,'winding 36 of thetrip coil 7, conductor '37, movable contact member 25, stationarycontact member 26, and conductor 3% to the negative side 'of thebattery. Upon the completion ofzthe circuit 131 just traced, energy issupplied to the trip coil 7 of the circuit interrupter 3 and saidinterrupter is opened, thereby disconnecting the translating devicesfrom the supply circuit and avoiding a consumption of power in excess ofthe prescribed ultimate peak demand.

In case the effective value of power taken by the translating devices 6,as shown by the indicating wattmeter i, should fall below thepredetermined figure, subsequent to the operative association of theauxiliary shaft 18 and the meter shaft 11, it is evi dent that aseparation of the contact members 14. and 15 would take place and theauxiliary shaft 18 would be immediately disconnected and returned to itsinitial position by means of the spring 23.

Although I have shown and described my invention in connection with asingle-phase system, those skilled in the art will readilyunderstandthat it is also applicable to polyphase or direct currentsystems. Furthermore, various modifications may be eiiected in thestructural details and in the arrangement and location of parts withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, and I desire thatsuchmodifications shall be ineluded within its scope.

I claim as my invention:

L-The combination. with a circuit inter rupter, and an indicatingwattmeter in circuit therewith and an integrating wattmeter, of amovable member, means dependent upon said indicating wattnieter foroperatively associating said movable member with said integratingwattmeter, and means dependent upon the movement of said movable memberfor actuating said interrupter.

2. The combination with a circuit inter rupter, and an integratingwattmeter in circuit therewith and an indicating wattmeter, of a movablemember biased to its initial position, means dependent upon saidindicating wattmeter "r'or operatively associating said movable memberwith said integrating wattmeter, and means associated with said movablemember and dependent upon the degree of movement thereof for actuatingsaid interrupter.

3. In an electrical system of distribution, the combination with atranslating device, an integrating wattmeter for registering the amountof energy consumed thereby, an indicating wattmeter for measuring theeii'ective value of the energy supplied thereto, and a circuitinterrupter in circuit with said translating device and said meters, ofan auxiliary rotary switching device adapted to be driven by saidintegrating wattmeter and to effect the opening of said interrupter, andmeans associated with said indicating wattmeter for efi'ectin'g adriving connection between said rotary-switching device and saidintegrating wattmeter when said indi- 'dicati'ng wattmeter adapted tocontrol the eating meter measures poweriin excess of a predeterminedvalue.

4C. In a system of distribution, the combi nation with a translatingdevice, and an integrating and an indicating wattme'ter in circuittherewith for respectively register" ing and indicating the powerconsumed thereby, of a rotary switching device adapted to effect theinterruption of the translating device circuit, electromagnetic" meansfor operatively associating said switching device with the shaft of saidintegrating meter, whereby said switching device is driven in proportionto the amount of'power consumed by said translating device, and cosooperating stationary and movable contact. members associated with saidindicating wattmeter' for completing the circuit of said electromagneticmeans when and as long as the effective value of power consumed by saidtranslating device exceeds a predetermined amount.

5. The combination with an integrating wattmeter, a movable memberbiased toits initial position and adapted to be moved in proportion tothe amount of energy passing through said integrating wattmeter, andmeans for operatively associating said movable member with saidwattineter, of an inoperation of said associating means.

6. Thecombination with a switching device, translating means, means forregistering the power consumed thereby, and means for actuating saidswitching device when the power consumed during a predetermined timeinterval exceeds a predetermined amount, of means dependent upon apredetermined effective value of power for controlling the operation ofsaid actuating means.

7. The combination with an electrical power-registering instrument, anelectrical power-indicating instrument, and a switching device, of meansdependent upon the 210- 119 tion of said registering instrumentand saidindicating instrument for actuating said switching device when theelectrical quantity of energy registered by said registering instrumentexceeds a predetermined amount in a given time.

8. The combination with an electrical power-registering instrument,-means for indicating eiiective values of power, and a switching device,of means for actuating 120 said switching device when the totalintegrated power continuously passing through said instrument in excessof a predetermined eiiective value exceeds a predetermined amount in agiven time. 1

9. The combination with a switching device,-n1eans for quantitativelregistering electrical energy, and means .or indicating electricalenergy, of a movable device adapted to be operated by mid registeringmeans,

means dependent upon said indicating means for effecting operativeengagement of said movable device and said registering means, and meansdependent upon the operation of said movable device for actuating saidswitching device.

10. The combination with a switching device and translating means, ofmeans embodying an integrating and an indicating Wattmeter in circuit t.erewith for actuating said switching device 'hen the power continuouslyconsumed by said translating means in excess of. a predeterminedeffective value exceeds a predetermined amount in a given time.

11. The combination with a circuit interrupter, and an integratingWattmeter and an indicating Wattmeter in circuit therewith,

of a rotatable member adapted to be operatively associated with saidintegrating Wattmeter, means dependent upon the action of saidindicating Wattmeter for effecting said operative engagement andmaintaining the same under predetermined power conditions, and meansassociated with said rotatable member for opening said circuitinterrupter When said rotatable member is actuated a predeterminedamount.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 3rd day ofJan. 1911.

PAUL M. LINCOLN.

Witnesses:

R. K. CULBnRTsoN, B. B. HINES.

